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Formosa Expedition
The Formosa Expedition,〔http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=F00A14F63F5F1A7493C2AB1783D85F408784F9〕 or the Taiwan Expedition of 1867 was a punitive expedition launched by the United States against Formosa. The expedition was undertaken in retaliation for the Rover incident, in which the ''Rover'', an American bark, had been wrecked and its crew massacred by native warriors in March 1867. A United States Navy and Marine company landed in southern Formosa and skirmished with the Paiwan aboriginals until they disengaged and retreated after their ambushes failed to halt the American advance. Nevertheless, the Americans withdrew shortly after without completing their objective of decisively defeating the natives in battle. The event is regarded as a failure in United States Naval history.
==Background==
On 12 March 1867, the United States merchantman ''Rover'' was sailing off Oluanpi, Formosa when she wrecked on uncharted reef and began drifting out to sea. Her crew of over two dozen safely made it ashore but were attacked and killed by the Paiwanans. The Royal Navy ship reached the "Koalut country" on March 26, discovered the fate of the ''Rover'' and informed the American East India Station. Squadron commander Rear Admiral Henry H. Bell ordered Commander John C. Febiger in the newly commissioned gunboat to proceed from Foochow to the island for an investigation of the incident.
Upon arrival Qing authorities assured Commander Febiger that the attack was carried out by warriors of a village that did not practice respect of the nation's laws. With this information, ''Ashuelot'' returned and notified Rear Admiral Bell. The American consul to Amoy, C. W. Le Gendre, had spent the month of April trying to establish communication with the tribes but the Koaluts remained hostile.
At this point, diplomatic pressure proved a failure so as was typical of the time. After a delay of three months and "a good deal of red tapeism in Washington", a punitive expedition was decided on. Bell, with the screw sloop-of-war and his flagship left Shanghai in June for southern Formosa.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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